ECC (Elliptic Curve Cryptography)

Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) is an approach to asymmetric cryptography based on the algebraic properties of elliptic curves. It offers security equivalent to RSA with significantly shorter keys (256-bit ECC ≈ 3072-bit RSA), reducing computational load. ECC is the preferred algorithm for TLS 1.3 (X25519 curve, P-256) and is increasingly used in certificates for digital signature.