Digital Ordinances: Legal Framework and Obligations 2026

A digital prescription is not a scanned paper prescription. The distinction is as much legal as technical: an electronic document only has the value of a prescription if the prescriber can be identified and if the integrity of the content is guaranteed from its creation through to its dispensation. A photograph of a prescription sent by messaging app satisfies neither of these two conditions, regardless of how genuine the prescription it reproduces may be.

Mandatory information

A prescription, whatever its format, must include a core set of information without which it cannot be dispensed:

• The identification of the prescriber: name, professional status, professional identifier, contact details, and where applicable their qualification or title.
• The identification of the patient: surname, first name, sex, age, and where necessary weight and height.
• The designation of the medicine or medical device, the dosage, the method of administration, and the duration of treatment.
• The date of issue.
• The signature of the prescriber.

Certain prescriptions are subject to reinforced rules: prescriptions for exceptional medicines, narcotics, or medicines subject to restricted prescription. The move to digital does not change these substantive requirements; it only changes the format and the traceability.

What gives the electronic version its legal value

Three elements must be present together, and they correspond to the general conditions applicable to electronic documents.

The identification of the prescriber must be reliable, which requires authentication by a means linked to their professional status, not merely a software user account.

The integrity of the document must be guaranteed from creation through to dispensation. This is what allows the pharmacist to confirm that the prescription being executed is the one that was issued.

Traceability of dispensation closes the loop: it prevents the same prescription from being executed more than once, a major risk with a prescription transmitted as an image.

It is precisely this combination that an electronically signed prescription provides, as opposed to a reproduced document. The reasoning is identical to that applicable to the electronic medical record, where the evidentiary value stems from the demonstrable integrity of the content and its date.

Teleconsultation and remote prescribing

Prescribing following a teleconsultation is permitted, under the ordinary conditions governing medical practice: the practitioner must have the information needed to make a decision and must be able to refer the patient for a physical examination where the situation requires it.

Two limits apply to this option. Certain categories of medicines cannot be prescribed without a physical examination. And sick leave issued during a teleconsultation is subject to specific duration rules when it is not issued by the patient's usual doctor.

Transmission of the prescription to the patient and, where applicable, to the pharmacist must use a secure channel. Sending it by personal messaging app satisfies neither the confidentiality requirement linked to medical confidentiality, nor the integrity requirement.

Dispensation and the pharmacist's role

The pharmacist retains their duty to verify, unchanged regardless of the format. They check the validity of the prescription, its consistency, and refuse to dispense where they identify a risk to the patient — an obligation for which they are personally accountable.

The electronic format provides two additional guarantees: certainty that the prescriber is indeed who they claim to be, and the impossibility of double dispensation when execution is tracked.

Retention of prescriptions by the pharmacy is subject to specific durations depending on the category of medicine, longer for prescriptions subject to special regulation.

Retention and health data

A prescription is health data, with all the consequences that entails: hosting with a certified provider, a register of processing activities, informing the patient, defined retention periods, and contractual oversight of providers.

Two practical points deserve attention within a medical practice:

• Access authorizations to prescriptions must be individual and differentiated, as with the rest of the medical record.
• Archiving must guarantee legibility and integrity throughout the applicable retention period, which a simple file folder does not achieve.

These requirements form part of the overall organization described in our article on compliance for a medical practice.

Usage scenarios

A practice going digital. First check the prescriber's authentication method, then the transmission channel, then archiving. This is the order of legal requirements, and it does not always match the implementation order proposed by software vendors.

Teleconsultation. Check the category of the intended medicine before the consultation rather than at the time of prescribing, and arrange for a secure channel to transmit it to the patient.

Renewal. Traceability of dispensation is what distinguishes a legitimate renewal from a duplicate execution. This is the main practical benefit of the electronic format.

Frequently asked questions

Is a scanned or photographed prescription valid? It satisfies neither reliable identification of the prescriber nor the guarantee of integrity. It is not an electronic prescription, but the reproduction of a document.

Can a prescription be issued after a teleconsultation? Yes, under the ordinary conditions governing medical practice, subject to categories of medicines requiring a physical examination and to specific rules for sick leave.

How should a prescription be transmitted to the patient? Through a secure channel. A personal messaging app satisfies neither the confidentiality requirement linked to medical confidentiality nor the integrity requirement.

Can a pharmacist refuse an electronic prescription? They apply the same checks as for a paper prescription and refuse to dispense if they identify a risk. The format does not change their duty.

How long must prescriptions be retained? For durations specific to the category of medicine, longer for prescriptions subject to special regulation. Retention must guarantee legibility and integrity.

What is the difference with a scanned handwritten signature? A scanned signature is an image: it does not allow reliable identification of the signer, nor does it demonstrate that the document has not been altered since.

Key takeaways

The validity of a digital prescription rests on three cumulative conditions, none of which is satisfied by the reproduction of a paper document: reliable identification of the prescriber, demonstrable integrity of the content, and traceability of dispensation.

The latter is the one that delivers the most value in practice, because it addresses the risk of duplicate execution that a prescription transmitted as an image cannot control. Otherwise, the move to digital changes nothing about the substantive rules: mandatory information, prescribing restrictions, and the pharmacist's duty to verify remain the same. What changes is what can be demonstrated, months later — the same evidentiary logic as for obtaining consent.