Mandatory Building Inspection: Complete List 2026

The sale of real property in France requires the seller to provide the buyer with a Technical Diagnostic Report (DDT) attached to the promise of sale or authentic deed. In 2026, regulations are tightening, particularly on the energy front with the progressive ban on renting energy-inefficient properties. Mastering the exhaustive list of mandatory inspections is therefore essential to legally secure the transaction and avoid post-sale disputes. This article provides a complete overview of the inspections required in 2026 according to the nature of the property, its location and year of construction.

The Legal Framework for the Technical Diagnostic Report

The DDT is governed by articles L.271-4 to L.271-6 of the French Building and Housing Code (CCH). Its absence engages the seller's liability and may result in the cancellation of the sale, a price reduction, or even action for hidden defects. Each inspection must be carried out by a COFRAC-certified inspector, in accordance with decree no. 2006-1114. The validity period varies depending on the type of inspection, and an expired document is not enforceable against the buyer.

List of 10 Mandatory Inspections in 2026

1. Energy Performance Certificate (EPC) — Mandatory for all residential properties, valid for 10 years. Since 2025, G-rated properties are banned from rental; F-rated will be in 2028.

1. Asbestos Inspection — Mandatory for properties with a building permit issued before 1 July 1997. Unlimited validity if no asbestos detected.

1. Lead Risk Assessment Report (CREP) — For properties built before 1 January 1949. Validity of 1 year if positive, unlimited if negative.

1. Termite Risk Assessment — Mandatory in zones defined by prefectural order. Validity 6 months.

1. Gas Installation Assessment — For installations over 15 years old. Validity 3 years.

1. Electrical Installation Assessment — For installations over 15 years old. Validity 3 years.

1. Risk and Pollution Assessment (ERP) — Mandatory in areas covered by a risk prevention plan (natural, mining, technological), seismic activity, radon. Validity 6 months.

1. Non-collective Sewage System Inspection — For properties not connected to the main sewerage system. Validity 3 years.

1. Carrez Law Measurement — For all units in co-ownership (excluding cellars, garages, terraces). Unlimited duration except for structural modifications.

1. Energy Audit — Mandatory since 1 April 2023 for the sale of F or G-rated properties, extended to E-rated in 2025 and D-rated in 2034.

Penalties and Liability in Case of Non-Compliance

The absence of a mandatory inspection deprives the seller of the exemption clause for hidden defects (article 1641 of the Civil Code). An incorrect EPC can now engage the liability of both the inspector AND the seller, following its enforceable nature established by the Climate and Resilience Act of 22 August 2021. Criminal penalties can reach €37,500 in fines for false declarations concerning asbestos or lead.